Maxwell Mututwa, often referred to as Bo Mututwa, was a significant figure in Zambian politics, particularly known for his influence in the Western Province of Zambia. Born in Senanga, he rose to prominence as the Ngambela, or Prime Minister, of the Barotse Royal Establishment, a traditional leadership role in the Barotseland region. He became a strong advocate for the rights and autonomy of Barotseland and the preservation of the Barotseland Agreement, which originally outlined the autonomy of Barotseland within Zambia after independence.
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Mututwa’s activism and leadership in Barotseland brought him into conflict with Zambian authorities. In 2011, at the age of 92, he was detained along with others on charges related to treason due to allegations that he and other activists were pushing for Barotseland’s secession from Zambia. His detention led to widespread protests and criticism of the Zambian government’s treatment of an elderly leader. Although he was released shortly afterward due to public outcry and his deteriorating health, his experience highlighted ongoing tensions over Barotseland’s autonomy within Zambia. Mututwa passed away later that same year, leaving behind a legacy as a respected leader and advocate for his people’s rights and traditions. He was buried in his village in Silele Village in Senanga western province.
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